According to historyaah, Angola is a country in Africa. The country borders Namibia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo and Zambia. Luanda, the capital, has about 3 million residents. The country is plagued by a number of environmental problems that have been exacerbated by the civil war. In general, there is a shortage of water. In 1987, the water shortage led, among other things, to a cholera epidemic in Luanda. Furthermore, erosion and deforestation occur as a result of the export of rare woods.
Angola is by nature one of the richest countries in Africa. The land is fertile and agriculture varied. Angola is thought to be as rich in minerals as South Africa. As early as 1955, oil was found near Luanda, but the largest finds to date were made by Gulf Oil off the coast of Cabinda in 1966. Angola also has large diamond deposits as well as iron ore, copper, bauxite, manganese, phosphate, platinum, uranium and a number of others. strategically important minerals that are still only partially mapped and poorly exploited.
TIMELINE:
500 – About this year there were settled peasants all over present-day Angola. They had a relatively high material development, knew the iron, had large herds of cattle and were also fishermen. Towards the year 1000, tribal kingdoms and kingdoms arose. The strongest of the kingdoms were Congo on both sides of the lower Congo River, and Ndongo, south of Congo. The king of Ndongo was called Ngola, which the Portuguese transformed into the name of the state formation Angola. Until the arrival of the Europeans, the various kingdoms lived largely peacefully side by side.
1450 – Slavery and wars reduce the Angolan population from 18 million in 1450 to just under 8 million in 1850.
1482 – The first Portuguese landings at the mouth of the Congo River, beginning colonization. It initially took place through mission stations and trade. Only later did the Portuguese begin sending expeditions into the country.
1500 – On the other side of the Atlantic, Portugal conquered Brazil in the early 16th century, where large sugar plantations were established. For them labor was needed, and the slave trade from West Africa was initiated.
(From the year 1500 to 1820, 4-5 million slaves were shipped – from Angola alone. This is the direct cause of the scattered population structure that still characterizes the country.)
1573-1680 – The so-called Hundred Years’ War with the Ndongo Empire brought the Portuguese to the Cuanza River.
1885 – From the end of the 1800s until 1920, the colonial masters gained military control over the entire territory. When the European powers divided Africa among themselves at the Berlin Conference in 1885, Portugal was granted the territory that is now Angola.
1961 – On February 4, a group of MPLA members attacked the main prison in Luanda and a number of other strategic points to free the political prisoners. The attack was crushed, and in the weeks that followed, the Portuguese carried out extensive massacres of the civilian population in Luanda. The ill-planned Luanda uprising became for many the decisive proof that Portuguese colonialism could only be fought by force of arms, and the MPLA therefore counts February 4 as the start of the armed struggle against colonialism.
1975 – International solidarity with the independence movements and Portugal’s military decline in Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau, as well as internal difficulties in Portugal, cause the army to lose hope of a military victory. It paved the way for the internal uprising of the Portuguese military, which on April 25, 1974, brought down the dictatorship of Oliveira Salazar and Marcelo Caetano in Portugal.
1991 – A US peace deal with UN, Portugal, Soviet Union, and the United Nations sign UN peace agreement on May 31, after 16 years of civil war. The agreement included provisions for an immediate ceasefire, the holding of elections in 1992, and the establishment of a joint political-military commission to assist in the amalgamation of both parties’ armed forces into one national army. As of November 14, the top army command consisted of Generals Joao de Matos of MPLA and Ahilo Camalata Numa of UNITA.
1999 – In April, the government announces that it has decided to join a regional “self-defense front” consisting of Zimbabwe, Namibia and you. Rep. Congo. This development reflected that the regional conflicts no longer remained within the boundaries set by the former colonial masters. In late 1999, the government believed it could see the end of the armed conflict in the country. The background was the government army’s streak of victories in previous months. made it possible to occupy UNITA’s main cities, Andulo and Bailundo.
2002 – On February 22, UNITA’s leader Jonas Savimbi falls in battle in the central province of Moxico. His place was taken by the organization’s vice president, Antonio Dembo. Even before Savimbi’s death, the government had called for an end to the fighting, and President dos Santos now stated that Savimbi’s death had paved the way for elections to be held, but that it was necessary to create secure conditions, and he had therefore contacted Dembo.
2002 – In April, the government and UNITA sign a formal ceasefire agreement, and 4 months later UNITA finally disbanded its armed branch, prompting the Minister of Defense to declare: “the war is over”. The civil war in Angola – the longest lasting on the African continent – had lasted 27 years.
2002 – UFO MYTH – August 22 in Luanda, a spherical object crashes near the village of Manzawu, in the northern Uije province, reported Roman Catholic radio Ecclesia. The townspeople said they saw the object crash near nearby followed by a loud explosion. “We heard thunder-like noise, and then a bullet that landed on the ground,” said one of the witnesses. They were afraid that the object might explode, so they stayed safe and many people fled their homes. According to Ecclesia, the object weighed about 10 kg and measured about 50 cm in diameter. Angolan experts from the military went to the site to examine the object.
2004 – In January, Human Rights Watch reported that the latest statistics had shown that 4 billion had disappeared. US $ of Angola’s oil revenues. This corresponds to almost 10% of the country’s GDP and to the value of all social programs implemented in the period 1997-2002. The report blamed the many billions’ disappearance on corruption and poor governance. After Nigeria, Angola is the largest oil exporter south of the Sahara.
2005 – In March, it was revealed that during the previous 3 months, almost 100 Angolans had died in the northern part of the country from the so-called Marburg virus. The disease mainly affects children under 5 years of age and is related to the dreaded Ebola virus. In early 2006, several provinces were hit by cholera, which killed 1,000 people over four months. In Launda alone, 167 died.
