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El Paso (United States)
El Paso. It is a city of the United States, in the state of Texas, head of the County of El Paso. The population of the city according to the 2004 census is 592,099, making it the sixth most populous city in Texas, and the twenty-first most populous in the United States. El Paso is the second most important along the border between city United States and Mexico, after San Diego. It is located in front of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua ; Mexico, cities separated by the Rio Bravo or Rio Grande. Between them they form a metropolitan area of two and a half million people.
El Paso is home to the University of Texas at El Paso, founded in 1914, as well as the health sciences campus of Texas Tech University. Also in the city it is a major military base called Fort Bliss, which is a military facility of the Army of the United States located to the northeast of the city that stretches north to White Sands Missile Range. The Mountain Franklin is located inside El Paso, extending from the north, clearly dividing the city into two sections.
The city has an airport (El Paso International Airport), a railroad station, and an extensive network of highways, including routes I-10, US 54, US 180, US 85 and US 62.
Geography
El Paso is located at latitude 31 ° 47 ’25 “N, longitude 106 ° 25′ 24” W (31.790208, -106.423242), and at an altitude of 1,140 m above mean sea level. The rustic red North Franklin Peak on Franklin Mountain rises 2,192 m above sea level, is the highest point within the city and can be seen within a radius of 100 km around. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 648.9 km².
The Mountain Franklin extends along El Paso from the north and clearly divides the city into different sections, along with the areas occupied by Fort Bliss and El Paso International Airport:
- El Paso Noroeste (better known as El Paso Oeste)
- El Paso Downtown
- The Northeast Pass
- The East Pass
- El Paso Valle de las Misiones (formerly known as Valle Bajo e Ysleta, TX)
The Rio Bravo or Rio Grande crosses the length of the Rio Grande Valley at the southern limit of the Franklin Mountains. As the river descends from New Mexico to the north, it defines the boundary between El Paso and Doña Ana County, in New Mexico. Then it intersects the border with Mexico and determines the boundary between El Paso and Ciudad Juárez to the south of the city. The extinct Cristo Rey volcano rises in the Rio Grande Valley just west of El Paso on the edge of the state of New Mexico.. Other volcanic features are found near the city such as the Hole of Kilbourne and the Hole of Hunt, which are Maar volcanic craters located 30 km west of Franklin Mountains. El Paso is surrounded by the Chihuahuan Desert.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification, El Paso has a semi-arid climate with very hot summers with almost no humidity and mild, dry winters. The temperature varies from 13 and -2 ° C in January, to 36 and 20 ° C between June and August. According to the National Weather Service of the United States, in El Paso the sun shines during 302 days of the year on average, of which 83 percent of the hours have daylight. This is why the city is nicknamed The Sun City. Average rainfall is 223 mm per year, generally taking place during the summer between July and September due to the monsoon flow from the Gulf of California. And while there is hardly any rain in El Paso, many parts of the city occasionally flood during heavy summer monsoon rains. Due to the elevation of 1200 m in the area, it is not surprising that snowfall also occurs.
Demography
According to the 2007 census, there are 563,662 people, 182,063 households and 141,098 families residing in the city. The population density is 873.7 residents / km². The city is characterized by having 76.62% of its population Hispanic, predominantly of Mexican origin (83% of it). The remainder of their ethnic makeup consists of 16% White, 3.12% African American, 0.82% Indigenous, 1.12% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander. Of the 182,063 households, 42.4% have children under 18 years of age, 54.6% are married couples, 18.5% have a wife without a husband present, and 22.5% are not families. 19.2% of the residents of these households are single and 7.2% have someone over 65 years of age living alone.
The city’s population is distributed, according to age, as follows: 31.0% under 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 19.2% from 45 64 and 10.7% over 65. The average age is 31 years. For every 100 women there are 90.4 men. For every 100 women over 18 there are 85.0 men.
The median household income in the city is $ 32,124 per year and the median per family is $ 35,432. Men have a median income of $ 28,989 compared to $ 21,540 for women. The city’s per capita income is 14,388 USD. 22.2% of the population and 19.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the entire population, 29.8% of those under 18 and 17.7% of those over 65 are below the poverty line.